A simultaneous density-integral system for estimating stem profile and biomass: slash pine and willow oak
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چکیده
In the wood utilization industry, both stem profile and biomass are important quantities. The two have traditionally been estimated separately. The introduction of a density-integral method allows for coincident estimation of stem profile and biomass, based on the calculus of mass theory, and provides an alternative to weight-ratio methodology. In the initial development of the technique, sectional bole weight was predicted from a density integral formed from two equations that were fitted independently using ordinary least squares: (1) a stem-profile, or taper, function and (2) a specific gravity function. A test for contemporaneous correlations using slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) and willow oak (Quercus phellos L.) data showed highly significant correlations between the density integral and the stem-profile equation as well as the specific gravity equation. However, there was little or no correlation between the stem-profile and specific gravity equations. Because contemporaneous correlations exist between some of the equations, more efficient parameter estimation can be achieved through joint-generalized least squares, better known as seemingly unrelated regressions. However, the improvement in efficiency across parameters varies markedly based on the pattern of contemporaneous correlations. A simultaneous system of three equations was derived for slash pine and willow oak ,with nonlinear constraints across equations. Parameter estimates from seemingly unrelated regressions estimation had smaller standard errors in all cases than those from ordinary least squares estimation. For slash pine, standard errors were reduced by 11 to 29% and for willow oak, by 5 to 20%. R&urn6 : A la fois le dCfilement de la tige et la biomasse rev&tent une importance particulikre pour l’industrie du bois. 11s ont traditionnellement CtC estimCs sCpar6ment. Une mCthode basCe sur l’integration de la masse et appelCe mCthode d’integration de densitC permet d’estimer simultankment le dCfilement et la biomasse tout en offrant une alternative B la mCthode du ratio du poids. Au dCbut du dCveloppement de la mCthode, le poids des sections de tige Ctait prCdit par une intCgrale de densitC composCe de deux Cquations ajustCes sCparCment par la mCthode classique des moindres car& : (1) une Cquation du profil, ou du dkfilement, et (2) une Cquation du poids spkcifique. Un test de corrClations simultanCes sur les don&es du pin de Floride (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) et du ch&ne saule (Quercus phellos L.) montraient des corrClations fortement significatives entre 1’intCgrale de densitC et 1’Cquation du dCfilement ainsi que 1’Cquation du poids spkcifique. Cependant, il y avait peu ou pas de corrklation entre 1’Cquation du dCfilement et celle du poids spkcifique. Comme il existe des corrClations simultankes entre certaines de ces Cquations, on peut obtenir une meilleure estimation des parambtres par la mCthode des moindres car& unifiCs et gCnCraux, mieux connue sous le nom de mCthode des rkgressions apparemment indkpentiantes. Toutefois, cette amklioration de l’efficacitt! au niveau des parambtres varie fortement selon le patron des corrClations simultanCes. Un systbme de trois Cquations simultankes g contraintes non 1inCaires a CtC dCveloppC pour le pin de Floride et le chCne saule. Dans tous les cas, les parambtres estimCs par la mCthode des rkgressions apparemment indkpendantes comportaient des erreurs standards plus faibles que celles qui Ctaient obtenues par la mCthode classique des moindres car&. Les rCductions varient de 11 & 29% pour le pin de Floride et de 5 B 20% pour le ch&ne saule. [Traduit par la RCdaction]
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تاریخ انتشار 2000